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在這句There is more than meets the eye.中為什麼meet後加“s

在這句There is more than meets the eye.中為什麼meet後加“s”?

答:這是一句諺語,意為“現象背後有文章”。關於這裏的than,語法家們的意見不甚一致。有的認為它是連詞,其後省略了what;有的則認為它是關係代詞(或准關係代詞)。對於初學者來說,第一種意見似乎比較容易接受。句中的more 為名詞,than在這句話中作關係代詞,同時在句中兼作主語。than在從句中它可以兼作主語、賓語和表語, 它只和其前的形容詞,副詞的比較級一起用。其句型為:

V…

比較級……than +          (比……更……)

S+V

There were more candidates than (=than what was) expected. 候選人比預期的多。(作主語)

You spent more money than (=than what) was intended to be spent. (作主語)

Lei Feng always did more work than (=than what) was required of him. (作主語)

There are better things in the world than (=than what) are dreamed of. (作主語)

There is more money than (=than what) is needed. 有比所需要的更多的錢。(作主語)

There is more in it than (=than what) you imagine. 其中還有你想像不到的含義。(作賓語)

More is meant than meets the ear. 意在言外。

There may be more importance in it than (=than what) would seem. (作主語)

There is more (to it) than (=than what) meets the eye. (作主語) 現象背後有文章。

There were more people present than (=than what) was/ were expected. 來的人比希望來的人多。(作主語)

She spent more money than (=than what) was intended. 她花的錢比原來打算的要花得多。(作主語)

I borrowed more books than (=than what) was allowed. 我借的書比所允許借的多。(作主語)

He spends more money than (=than what) he earns. 他花的錢比掙的多。 (作賓語)

Don’t give children more money than (=than what) is needed. 不要給孩子多於他們所需要的錢。(作主語)

Children should not have more money than (=than what) they need. 孩子們不可以帶比需要更多的錢。(作賓語)

以上十四句可以看作為定語從句。以下六句則不能看作是定語從句,因為than前分別是形容詞或副詞的比較級,句中沒有先行詞,than在句中只起指代作用。

Don’t eat more than (=than what) is good for you. (作主語)

The question is more complicated than (=than what) appears on the surface. (作主語)

He works longer than (=than what) is required of him. (作主語)

The price is more than (=than what) I thought. (作賓語)

He looks far older than (=than what) he is. 他看起來比實際年齡要老得多。(作表語)

It is more than (=than what) I can tell. 那我就不知道了。

下句中的than作連詞引導從句時,從句中通常省略與主句中相同的部分,如:  

We arrived three days earlier than (we) planned. 我們比原計畫早三天到。
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